Compensating starting switch



VAN N. MARKER. COMPENSATING STARTING SWITCH. APPLICATION FILED1OCT. 23I 1919.

1,422,592. 2 Patented July 11,1922;

II II |||Ii 1 ,VZ attorney UNITED STATES. PATENT OFFICE,

VAN N.- MARKER, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

T0 at] 10710927, it may concern Be it known that I, VAN N. MARKER, a citizenof the United States, and aresident of Chicago, in the county of Cook andState of Illinoi have invented certain newland useful improvements in Compensating Starting Eiwitches; and I do, hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings,and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification. i

This invention relates to ,,.an improved switch mechanism for controlling electric cir uits and refers more particularly to switihes for use in connection with alterhating current motors or other translating devices for api qlying different current voltfroin theline when starting and when running the moton The invention is herein shown as, embodied in a two-throw switch mechanism having a plurality of blades which operate in connection with one set of contacts or clips and compensating; coils in itsstarting position to reduce the line voltage on a molor or other translating devices when starting the me, and to be shifted to its running}; position, after the motor or other trans lating device has been energized for operation; to throw the full line voltage on the motoraor other translating; device. I

In switch mechanism of this general character as heretofore constructed it has been inroposed to interpose between the source, of current supplyand the motor compensating coils so connected to thecurrent source and to the .lll(l iZ-Ol' or other translating, device as to reduce or absorb a. portion of the electromotive force of the line when the switch is in position for starting the motor, so as to thereby avoid overloading the motor when starting. The said coils are so connected to the motor circuit and to the switch.- mechanism that controls, it as to be out out of the motor'circuit when the switch is thrown to its running position to deliver the full line voltage line to theinotor.

Among the objects of the present invention to provide a switch mechanism of this general character for connection to the operating circuit and motor so arranged that the compensating coils which act in the starting position of the switch to cut down the line voltage are. completely disconnected Specification of Letters Patent.

COMPENSATING STARTING swrrcn. 1

- Patented July 11., 1922,

I Application filed October 23, 1919. Serial no. 332,659.

fromthe motor line circuit when the switch is'in running. position so as to thereby avoid leakage of current therefrom duringthejoperation ofthe motor and to also enable the compensating coils to be safely and conveniently removed from the switch mechanism and others substituted therefore while the motor is running. 1 e V r 2 Another object of the invention-is to since plify the switch mechanism as to itsflcontacts and bus bar connections and to make it of fewer, relatively more compactand simple parts than prior switch mechanisms.

, Other objects of i the invention are to otherwlse improve switch mechanisms of the general class described, and the invention consists in the combination andarrangement of the parts shown in the drawings and described in the specification, and is pointed out in the appendedclaims. In the drawings, 1 f Figure 1 is a plan view of the mechanical parts of the switch mechanism embracing the invention. I v Figure 2 is a side elevation thereof,

Figure 3 is a partial rear elevation, showing the bus bar connections.

Figure 4- is a diagrammatic view illustrating the wiringconnections associated with the switch mechanism, the compensating;

coils, the translating device, and the vlin'e cir cuit. I

Iii-said drawings, 10 designates aninsulating base on which the switch mechanism is mounted. 11, 12, 13 designate theterminals to whichare, respectively, connected the line wires 14, 15,, and 16 of a three-wire feed line Said terminals are connected to clips 17,18, and 19 supported on the base which are adapted, by meansv of a removable switch 20, to be connected to opposing clips 21, 22, 23 supported on said base, the latter clips being connected by fuse elements 24, 25, 26,,torunningclips 27, 28, and 29'. l l 1 i 30 designates, as a whole, a two-throw switch which comprises main blades 31,32, 33 connected by the usual insulating'cross bar 34;. Said blades 31, 32, 33 are adapted, in the running position of the switch, toconnect said terminals 27, 28, 29 to the wires 35, 36, 37 ofthe motor circuit through terminals 38, 39, 40, mounted on the base. to which said blades are hinged in a known manner. 41, 42, 43 designate clips in line with clips 27, 28, 29,respectively, which are adapted to be engaged by the switch blades 31, 32, 33, when the switch is in its starting position. 44 designates a supplemental clip in line with, but spaced from the intermediate clip 42 in the plane of the switch blade 32, said blade 32 being adapted to bridge over the clips 44 and 42 when the switch is in its starting position. The said supplemental clip 44 is connected, in the rear of the base 10, by a bus bar 45 to the clip 28 as shown in Figure 3.

The clips 41 and 43 are, respectively, adapted to be connected by terminals 46, 47 and wires 48, 49 to intermediate points along the length of adjustable compensating coils 50, 51, respectively, and the intermediate clip 42 is connected, through a terminal 52 and a wire 53, with a common connecting wire 54 between corresponding ends of said coils and 51.

The switch is provided, in addition to the blades 31, 32, and 33, referred to, with other blades 55, 56 that are hinged to the respective terminals 57, 58 on the base which, latter terminals are connected by oblique bus bars 59, 60, to the respective clips 27 and 29. 61, 62 designate clips whch are connected to the ends of the compensating coils 50, 51, respec tively, remote from the ends thereof that are connected by the cross connection 54 before referred to, and said clips 61, 62 are adapted for contact by the outer blades 55, 56 of the switch when the latter is in its starting position.

Vhen the two-throw switch is in its starting position the intermediate blade 32 thereof bridges across the clips 44, 42, the said blade connecting said spaced terminals 42, 44 with the hinge terminal 39. The next adjacent blades 31, 33 of the two-throw switch connect the hinge terminals 38, 40, in the starting position thereof, with the clips 41, 43, and the outer blades 55, 5G connect the hinge terminals 57, 58 with the clips 61, 62 in the starting position of the switch. The line circuit is thus closed to the motor M through the coils 50, 51 so that the voltage of the line is reduced to an extent depending on the connection of the wires 48, 49 with the coils. In the starting position. of the switch it will be noted that the corresponding ends of the coils 50, 51, adjacent the switch, are connected to the terminals 27, 29 through the bus bars 59, 60 and the outer switch blades 55, 56.

hen the switch is thrown over to the running position the switch blades 31, 3 33, respectively, connect the hinge terminals 3 39, and 40 to the clips 27, 28, and 29, so that the feed line is connected directly to "the motor, with the full voltage of the feed line on the motor.

As has hereinbefore been pointed out the B phase of the line is connected to the coils 50, 51 when the switch is in its starting position through the blade bridging across the clips 44, 42, and from what has been said, it will be furthermore noted that when the switch is thrown to its running position, the B phase line to the coil is broken between the clips 44, 42. It will be furthermore observed that when the switch is thrown from its starting position to its running position the coils 50, 51 are not only disconnected between the clips 44, 42, but that the circuit through said coils is also open at the ends and centers of the coils 50, 5]. by movement of the blades 56, 31, 33 away from the clips 61, 62, 41, 43, and that the blades 55, in the running position of the switch, become dead or in active blades. From what has been said, it will be observed that when the switch is thrown from its starting to its running position, no voltage is impressed on the coils 50, 51, so that there is no possibility of leakage of current through the coils in event said coils should become groundedlt will be furthermore noted that, by reason of the spaced terminals 44, 42 that connect the 13 phase of the line with the outer ends of the coils, the said coils and their mountings may be separated from the switch mounting and the coils repaired or replaced without in any manner disturbing the connection of the line to the motor and while the motor is running.

Preferably and as herein shown the switch is closed upon its starting contacts 61, 41, 42, 43, and 62 against a resilient or spring action tending to separate the switch blades from said terminals when closing pressure on the switch is released, and is likewise closed on its running contacts 27, 23, 29 against a yielding or spring pressure. The switch is adapted to be locked in its ruuning position by an automatic no-volt release device.

The spring means against which the switch is closed in its starting position embraces a cross bar 65 which is mounted transversely over the front face of the base 10 to slide on outstanding stems 66 which are clamped on the base, and the bar is normallyheld away from. the base by spiral expansion springs 67 interposed between the bars and the base. the bars being adapted to slide rearwardly on the stems. Said bar 65 is of a length to be engaged by the three intermeifliate switch blades, 31, 32. 33. During the start ing position the switch is held closed by hand until the motor attains the desired speed. whereupon the switch is manually quickly thrown to its running position.

The springmeans against which the snitch is closed to its running position is like the spring means before described, embracing a cross bar 69, fixed stems 70, and springs 71 that normally hold the bars ol'itwardly from the base. The switch is locked in. its ruuning position, against the compression action of said springs 71 by a locking device comprising a swinging hooked latch 73 that is pivoted'at 74 to a bracket on the rear side of the base and extends through an opening 75 in the base, the hook 76 of the lever being adapted to engage over the cross bar 34 of the switch. The said latch is so weighted, withrespect to its pivot 74, that it normally tends to assume the position shown in Figure 2 when no current is on the feed line, and is adapted to be swung with its hooked end for engagement with the cross bar of the switch when current is traversing the feed line by a magnet 77 which is connected between the A and B phase of the line, as best shown in Figure 4. Therefore, said mag net normally holds the latch in its locking position with its hook '76 engaged over the bar 84 when the switch is in its running position. Upon failure 01": current on the line, the magnet is tie-energized and the overbalancing effect of the locking latch, assisted, it necessary, by a light spring, withdraws the hook end of the latch from the switch bar 34 so that the said switch is free to be thrown open by the springs 71.

It willbe "understood that so far as certain features of the invention is concerned, the details shown are capable of some variation within the spirit and scope of the claims hereto appended, and that the invention is not limited to said details except as they are embraced in specific claims, and as limited by the prior art, it being the intent to claim all of inherent novelty in the disclosure.

The contacts with which the switch blades and thecut-out switch contact are herein termed clips because assuming a split or clip form of contact. However. the contacts may be otherwise made.

I claim as my invention, I

, 1. In combination with'a source of electrical energy, a translating device and compensating coils, of a multiple blade, double throw switch hinged to the translat'ing de vice terminals for connecting said translating device to the line in the running positionthereof, said coils having a. common termlnal, pairs of terminals of branch coil circuits with which, and the common terminal, the switch blades are connected in the starting position of the switch, and means whereby said. common terminal is completely disconnected from the line in the running position of the switch.

2. The combination with a. three wire feed line, a motor and compensating coilsconnected to a common terminal, of a multiple blade, double throw switch hinged to the motor circuit terminals for directly connecting said motor circuit to the line in the running position of the motor, and having auX-,

iliary blades cooperating with the main blades for connecting said motor circuit terminals'in divided circuits with said coils and to said common terminal in the starting position of the switch and arranged to completely disconnect said coils from all the wires of said linewhenthe switch is in its running position.

3. The combination with a three-wire feed line, a translating device and compensating coils, of switch mechanism embracing three members and their contacts for directly connecting the translating device to the line in the running position of the switch, and embracing additionally two members adapted in the starting position of the switch, together with'said three members, to close on contacts connected to said coils, wherebythe line energy is transmitted to the translating device through said coils, said coil contacts and the switch members being constructed to disconnect the coils from all the wires of the line when the switch is in its running position.

4-. The combination with a three-wi re feed line, a translating device and compensating coils, of a switch mechanism embracing three members and theircontacts for directly connecting the translating device to the line in the running'position of the switch, and embracing two additional members, said coils having terminalstor contact with all the switch members in. the starting position of the switch, one out said latter terminals common to both coils, and the other terminals being connected in series with the coils, and means whereby the contact common to' said coils is disconnected from the line when the switch is thrown from itsstarting position to its runningposition.

5. The combination -w1th a three-wlre feed line, a .translatingdevice and compensating coils, of a switch mechanism embracing three members and their contacts for directly connecting the translating device to the line in the running position of the switch, and embracing two additional members, said coils the switch, one of said latter terminals com mon toboth coils, and the other terminals being connected in pairs in series with the coils, and a supplemental terminal electri- 'cally disconnected to the terminal common to said coils and in line with said latter termin al across which one member of the switch is bridged when in the starting position.

6. The combination with a three-wire feed line, a translating device and compensating member which is adapted to close on a termiha'vingf terminals for contact with all the i switch members in the starting position of A SitlOl. coinoinuti n With 2: three-wire feed line a translating (le /ice and. compensetin oi switch Inecln b nisin ztdaptecl 1n lts )l m F manning position to direc y connect the feed me in the trains sting (lii'v'lCO, anti when 111 aftlng position to connect the iiieccl line *o the l melnting device tin-(nigh said coils lw'Lllti ewitch emi'necing pairs of members which when the switch inits starting position ere c-onneciiee ii'i' nn two 0 the line 'WfllGS 1n eerie; through the coilz-i to the translating d vice 2i terminnl. connected between said, voile anal u. enppien'iei'ltnl terminal. in. line with the hitter tciininel raid UjlllGCliGLi from the coils and. coni'iecteilto the thii-lline wire said switch einbmcing ole nieinl n: min I in the stair ing; .i tch to lJi'iL between mi nnd thereby connect the thii' tw n euiil coils,

um i

lihe c nnhinniion with n three-wire teed ine, it munielnting device end compensating coi ol :1 switch niiecl'innisin znhmted in its winning positimi to oii'ectiy connect the feed line to the tinnelnting device and in its elm-ting position to comiect the :leecl line to L mlopteil in the run- :"ei: connection with the three line 21ml comprising also two tillijplill'ilfillthi blades; (:filil'lOlitiJl to two wires; oi the ii'ne ell. oit said binclas, in the rites-ting; position o l the ewitch being adapted. l'oz contact with the coil terniiimle and 1 hereby suit! connnon terminal. is com from the line when the switch is thrown in]. its stei'tii position to (lisconne t the other coil. terminals from the line.

to The combination with it threewii'e line El. tinneln g device and two coinoensziting coils hzwing n conn'non i'erininnl znnl other terminals (LOY'HEQCtQtl in pairs in to the coils ol :1 :awinging switch '1 g n centinl iJlh and two side i mlnpteil in the st ijtingg position of the switcl for '1' "pectivc contact with snitl co nnon coil tei'i'ninnle and with one o! the connected contacts ot ench coil, and to! eniil blznles-s electrically connecteil ,o the translating device. rainiil. switch como 'ining else o'lhei blades hinged in line with I i A ,u. -i i heel/en in. Lee Shiti'blll position. oil the i i tnct "with otn YL tei'inii'nih; ol lhe coils, the connnon coil teirmil'nil being aiinczmnecteii from the line when the switch in thrown from. the stnl-tii'ig position.

tinion'yi that .l claim the tol'egiing {n1 my im'an 'ion l. :il'li): my signature in the presence or two witnesses, this; 13th :lny ot iICllOlXH, it. D. 1.919.

VA N N. TWA RKER Witnesses N. L. HALL, BELLE CURTIS. 

